Mastiff

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Ultimate guide to Mastiff

Learn everything there’s to know about Mastiff.

Mastiff: Gentle Giants with Loyal Hearts

Breed Characteristics

  • Origin: England
  • Size: Large
  • Weight: Males 160-230 lbs, Females 120-170 lbs
  • Activity level: Low
  • Barking/howling level: Low
  • Good with dogs: Sometimes
  • Good with cats: Sometimes
  • Shedding: Medium
  • Grooming level: Low
  • Training level: Medium

Mastiff Appearance

Mastiffs are massive, muscular dogs with a distinctive, wrinkled face. Their large, broad head features a short muzzle and drooping jowls. These gentle giants have a rectangular body shape, with a deep chest and strong, thick legs.

Their coat is short and dense, typically coming in fawn, apricot, or brindle colors. A black mask around the eyes and muzzle is a characteristic feature. Mastiffs have small, dark eyes that convey a gentle, intelligent expression.

Adult Mastiffs stand 27-30 inches tall at the shoulder for males and 25-28 inches for females. Their imposing size and strength are balanced by their calm demeanor and dignified bearing.

Mastiff Personality

Mastiffs are known for their gentle, patient, and loving nature. They are loyal family companions who form strong bonds with their owners. Despite their size, they are typically calm and docile indoors, often referred to as "gentle giants."

These dogs are generally good with children but may accidentally knock over small kids due to their size. They can be protective of their family and make excellent guardians, though they're more likely to deter intruders with their size than aggression.

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Mastiff Exercise Needs

Mastiffs have relatively low exercise needs compared to other large breeds. Daily walks and moderate play sessions are usually sufficient to keep them healthy and content. However, it's crucial not to over-exercise young Mastiffs, as their rapid growth can put stress on their joints.

Mental stimulation through training and interactive toys is important for preventing boredom. Swimming can be an excellent low-impact exercise for Mastiffs, especially in hot weather.

Ideal Environment for a Mastiff

Mastiffs can adapt to various living situations, including apartments, provided they receive adequate exercise. However, they thrive in homes with ample space due to their large size. A fenced yard is ideal for safe outdoor time.

These dogs are sensitive to extreme temperatures. They need a cool, comfortable indoor space during hot weather and protection from cold in winter. Access to soft bedding is important to prevent calluses from developing on their elbows and hocks.

Ideal Human for a Mastiff

The ideal Mastiff owner is patient, consistent, and has experience with large breeds. They should be physically capable of handling a powerful dog and financially prepared for the costs associated with owning a giant breed, including food and potential health issues.

Mastiffs suit families or individuals who enjoy a calm home environment and can provide ample attention and companionship. They're not ideal for highly active lifestyles or those away from home for extended periods.

Mastiff Training

Mastiffs are intelligent and generally eager to please, but they can be stubborn. Early socialization and obedience training are crucial. Positive reinforcement methods work best, as Mastiffs are sensitive and respond poorly to harsh corrections.

Consistency is key in training Mastiffs. They need clear rules and boundaries from an early age. Puppy classes can be beneficial for socialization and basic obedience.

Leash training is particularly important due to their size and strength. Teaching them not to pull on the leash should start early. Crate training can help with housebreaking and provide a safe space for the dog.

Despite their size, Mastiffs can excel in various dog sports, including obedience, rally, and even therapy work. These activities provide mental stimulation and strengthen the bond between dog and owner.

Mastiff Grooming

Mastiffs have relatively low grooming needs. Regular brushing, about once or twice a week, helps control shedding and keeps their coat healthy. They shed moderately year-round, with heavier shedding periods in spring and fall.

Special attention should be paid to cleaning the facial wrinkles to prevent skin infections. Regular nail trimming, ear cleaning, and dental care are also important parts of their grooming routine. Bathing is only necessary when they get dirty, using a mild dog shampoo to protect their natural skin oils.

Mastiff Health

Mastiffs are generally healthy dogs, but like all breeds, they're prone to certain health conditions. Hip and elbow dysplasia are common concerns in large breeds, including Mastiffs. Regular vet check-ups and maintaining a healthy weight can help mitigate these issues.

Gastric dilatation-volvulus (bloat) is a life-threatening condition that Mastiffs are susceptible to. Owners should be aware of the symptoms and take preventive measures, such as feeding multiple small meals and avoiding exercise immediately after eating.

Eye problems, including progressive retinal atrophy and cherry eye, can occur in the breed. Regular eye examinations by a veterinary ophthalmologist are recommended. Heart issues, such as cardiomyopathy, are also seen in some Mastiffs.

The average lifespan of a Mastiff is 6-10 years. Responsible breeding practices and regular health screenings can help improve the overall health and longevity of the breed.

Mastiff Nutrition Needs

Proper nutrition is crucial for Mastiffs, especially during their rapid growth phase as puppies. A high-quality, large-breed specific dog food is recommended. Puppy formulas should be designed for large breeds to support proper bone and joint development.

Adult Mastiffs typically require 6-8 cups of dry food daily, divided into two meals. However, the exact amount depends on the dog's age, size, activity level, and metabolism. Overfeeding should be avoided to prevent obesity, which can exacerbate joint problems.

Some Mastiffs may benefit from joint supplements, such as glucosamine and chondroitin, especially as they age. Always consult with a veterinarian before adding any supplements to your dog's diet.

Fresh, clean water should always be available. Some Mastiffs are prone to drooling, so keeping their water bowl clean and refreshed regularly is important.

Mastiff History

The Mastiff, also known as the Old English Mastiff, is an ancient breed with a history dating back thousands of years. They were originally bred as war dogs and guardians. References to Mastiff-type dogs can be found in writings from as far back as 3000 BC.

In England, Mastiffs were used for bear-baiting and dog fighting until these practices were outlawed. They later became popular as estate guardians. The breed nearly went extinct after World War II but was revived through careful breeding efforts. Today, Mastiffs are primarily kept as loyal family companions.

Getting a Mastiff

Before getting a Mastiff, carefully consider the responsibilities of owning such a large breed. Research the breed thoroughly and interact with adult Mastiffs to ensure they're a good fit for your lifestyle. Be prepared for the financial commitment, including food, veterinary care, and potential health issues.

Whether adopting from a rescue or purchasing from a breeder, ensure you're working with a reputable source. Ask for health clearances and meet the puppy's parents if possible. Avoid purchasing from pet stores or online retailers that may source from puppy mills.

~ $1200 Animal food
~ $350 Toys and treats
~ $600 Training

How much does it cost to own and care for a Mastiff?

Owning a Mastiff can be a substantial financial commitment. The first year of Mastiff ownership typically costs between $4,610 and $10,230, including the purchase price, which ranges from $1,500 to $3,500. This large breed requires significant expenses in food, medical care, and grooming. Ongoing annual costs for a Mastiff can range from $1,000 to $2,000, covering necessities like high-quality food, regular vet check-ups, and proper care.

Price of Mastiff ownership - First 12 months *

  • $1,500 - $3,500 Purchasing a Mastiff
  • $10 - $30Licensing/registration
  • $800 - $1,500Insurance
  • $800 - $1,500First-year medical expenses: vet visits, vaccinations
  • $600 - $1,800Food (depends on size of dog/brand of food)
  • $800 - $1,500Training
  • $200 - $500Toys and treats
  • $300 - $600Grooming
$4,610 - $10,230 Total expense for the first year
Note: These estimates are compiled by our team of researchers based on market averages. Actual costs may vary depending on your location, individual pet needs, breeder/adoption fees, veterinary rates, and product choices. Please consult local veterinarians and pet care providers for costs specific to your situation.

Mastiff Rescues

Many Mastiff-specific rescue organizations exist across the country. These groups often have both purebred and Mastiff mixes available for adoption. Adopting an adult Mastiff can be a great option, as their personality is already developed and they may already have basic training.

When adopting, be prepared to go through an application process. Rescues often conduct home visits to ensure their dogs are going to suitable environments. This process helps ensure a good match between the dog and its new family.

Mastiff Breeders

When looking for a Mastiff breeder, seek out those who are members of the Mastiff Club of America or other reputable breed clubs. Responsible breeders will health test their breeding stock for genetic conditions common in the breed and will be happy to share these results.

A good breeder will welcome questions about their breeding practices and the breed in general. They should allow you to visit and meet their dogs. Be prepared to wait for a puppy, as responsible breeders often have waiting lists. Avoid breeders who always have puppies available or who are willing to sell puppies younger than 8 weeks old.

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